Overcoming Multimedia Addiction Essay Example for Free

Overcoming Multimedia Addiction EssaySome of the students nowa sidereal days are struggling to stay awake while the rest of the world is sleepy just to read their friends posts and comments and status on Facebook. They even spend approximately of their time staring at the swelled screens of their personal computers just to play online games exchangeable DOTA and Counterstrike. Some also spend their m maviny just to buy the latest mobile phones, mp3 workers, and some other techno gadgets out thither. However, they must keep in mind that everything has its possess limits. Otherwise, it can become a ca routine of concern and in extreme cases, addiction. Multimedia addiction can cause destruction and violence to students.Multimedia is only defined as multi tasking of applications in a single device or gadget. This includes graphics, animation, pictures, videos, and other applications which can be opened simultaneously or consecutively. Smart phone, laptop, iPod, television, and mp4 player are some of many multimedia gadgets that are in especially to students because of its amazing features.Consider the television. Whether it is a box, slim, or flat screen, it has become almost similar a nonher member of the household. It sits in the living room, in the kitchen, or even in the terrace of your house. It bombards us with all kinds of information about almost anything down the stairs the sun. It informs us on what laundry soap to use what toothpaste to brush our teeth with, or which candidate to vote in the 2013 election. It charters us local intelligence information and news from around the world. And of course, it entertains us with sports, music, movies, telenovelas, lifestyle segments and variety programs. Cellular phones, on the other hand, are used for communication purposes.But because of technological advancements, new applications like built- in cameras are added to them. Thats why many people patronize it so much. Laptops are made for easy ha ndling. Unlike personal computers, you can now bring it anywhere because of its small size. Almost every student today has his or her own laptops. The dependence on multimedia gadgets extend to students who became the primary beneficiaries of these gadgets. Tech- net mess said that 42 % of students are using mobile phones, 36 % are using laptop, 15 % are using play station, and 7 % are using mp3 players (2012 Most Addicting Gadgets, www. Technet.com).The use of multimedia gadgets can be constructive and destructive to students (Despabiladeras 15). Many of them consider the use of these gadgets constructive when they help them in their studies. Today, the internet is the study source of knowledge and information. In just one click, they can now find the answers to their assignments. They also use software like Microsoft office and the like for their get off presentation. Many schools now use computer oriented techniques for teaching. The traditional way of teaching like writing t oo many lessons in a manilla paper is already replaced by powerpoint presentations which are indeed favorable for the students. They no longer copy too many notes because there are handouts already nimble for them. Multimedia also gives information about the latest happenings and discoveries around the world. The use of social media sites like Facebook allows them to socialize with other people. Some also say that acting online games like DOTA and Counterstrike have positive effects on them because they relieve stress from the hectic schedule of their schooling.In contrary, students say that multimedia gadgets can be destructive too. Problems begin when students became addicted to these gadgets to the point of discarding other activities which can truly affect their equipoise and studies (www. Gadgetforums.com). Because of these gadgets, they now prefer playing games that reading books. In most schools, use of cellular phones is banned but many of the students whitewash carry th em. They push their parents to buy them the latest mobile phone or other gizmos because their peers use it.The effect of this addiction is that they can no longer resist themselves from taking calls and accessing Facebook and other social networking sites during school hours. The use of gadgets can be destructive when it makes your temperament bad like when you become wild because of video games, Bryan Capus said ( Despabiladeras 15). They forgot to budget their time because most of their time are consumed by these gadgets. The overuse of these also affects their health. also much exposure to these gadgets can cause diseases like brain tumor and cancer caused by radiation ( Radiation From Gadgets, www. Healthcare.com). They are prone to sickness because they no longer engaged in outdoor activities.It is alarming to know that 47 % of students nowadays are addicted to computers and other multimedia gadgets ( Despabiladeras 16.). Their parents have a big role in overcoming their chil drens addiction. For example, most of the students are advised or told by their parents to limit their internet surfing time until 830 p.m. or 900 p.m. or but not to reach 1000 p.m. as they have classes the next day ( Clifford 72). Some also advice their children to engage in other recreational activities like playing basketball or playing the guitar instead of watching T.V. or sitting all day in front of their PCs. whizz parent posted the following on gadgetforums.comIn todays high- tech and modern world, we are all connected with each other by means of the miracle of working inventions and innovations like PC, tablets, smart phones, gaming, internet and so much more. And I think we feel that we wont have a normal day without getting hooked to any one of these devices. The problem begins to rise when our children became addicted to these gadgets to the point of discarding other activities which can truly affect their balance and health. To avoid this, I try to ensure my son has b alance in this area. Playing team sports has helped, thats one thing in his like that doesnt require gadget. Sports is one of the best ways to add moving activities to a childs routine with the aim of creating a certain balance between studying and playing. We could not really avoid our children to get into gadgets as this is the wave of the future with the introduction of tablets which can he fully integrate with schools in the near future ( www.gadgetforums.com). harmonise to gadgetforums.com, there are eight ways to overcome gadget addiction. First, limit the amount of time you spent on any type of gadget. Second, learn to balance and manage your time. Make a time table on when to use your gadget. Third, spend most of your time in your studies. This will give you higher grades in return. Fourth, read books rather than playing games. Surfing the internet for recent news and discoveries will help too. Fifth, spend your free time with your family and friends. Go to an outing of fami ly reunification that doesnt require gadgets.Sixth, socialize with your true friends, not your virtual friends. Your Facebook friends will never help you if you have a problem. Seventh, avoid buying newly released gadgets if you still have one that is still working. And the last is self discipline. It is interesting to know the opinions of students on multimedia gadget addiction whether it is constructive or destructive for them and what their parents do in influencing their media habits. To prevent this addiction, students should analyze their gadget preferences and see whats good of bad in it for them. They must set in mind that multimedia gadgets is there to help them, not to enslave them.

Urban Area in Hong Kong Essay Example for Free

Urban Area in Hong Kong EssayAn Infant becomes elderly as time flies, buildings also do. According to the annual report of the Urban Renewal Authority, therere 18,000 of buildings over more than 30 years in Hong Kong. All 3600 buildings are in poor conditions. To reverse the urban decay is race against time, refurbishment work is then necessary to carried out in Hong Kong by replacing old buildings with new. In recent years, the Urban Renewal Authority has adopted the concept of sustainable instruction in order to balance social, economic and environmental impacts on the redevelopment process in Hong Kong. How does it overcome the difficulties in these aspects? Well mainly describe them in the following paragraphs with evidences.Environmental The Urban Renewal Authority has been implementing an environmental- friendly and sustainable development in enhancing the built ambiance in urban areas. Vision City and Mount Davis 33 are the typical examples, whose vertical greening dev elopments have been salubrious adopted. The two projects have rewarded the platinum standard certificates by the HK-BEAM Society in recognition of the environmental features in 2006 and 2007 respectively. After the redevelopment of the Vision City, about 8,000 hearty feet of such vertical greening will be formed by the 40,000 plants.In addition, appropriate and sustainable environmental provisions are made into the twisting of joint venture developments of the Urban Renewal Authority. After the application of the green features such as High Thermal Performance Structural Fabric, Renewal zip fastener Lighting System, and Grey Water Recycling System, Lee Tung Streets carbon dioxide emission has reduced 23%. Mr. Cheung, the URA Chairman stated that this lessening in the projects carbon footprint is equivalent to about 170,000 trees. Why it can reduce such a large amount of carbon dioxide? Lets take a look of E-glass, an example of High Thermal Performance Structural Fabric, which can reduce the overall cooling load and heat island issue by reflecting 48% of solar energy outwards indoors.For another example which is the Renewal Energy Lighting system, it uses the mixture of street lamps and electronic sunlight collectors to allow the street look shinier. Also, there will be less changing the light bulbs daily and for the lighting system it is use of sun sensor and optical fiber to make the lighting system more environmentally friendly. For the example on Low lighting power for common areas such as the front of the house, when no one is in that particular area, the lights will be switched off automatically. On the other hand, when people entered a room, the lights will be turn on because of the light sensor. Therefore, the Urban Renewal Authority has been developing a green, modern and environmentally-friendly showcase for the renewal areas.Conclusion In conclusion, the urban redevelopment has improving residents brisk standards, promoting a sound economy , and also creating an environmentally-sustainable urban environment in Hong Kong through the redevelopment. One-day success is not a victory. To maintain sustainable redevelopment for Hong Kong cannot only swan on the Urban Renewal Authority, but also government support and everyones participation.

History and description of Coca Cola

History and description of coca sens coca dummys invoice can buoy be traced back to a man c solelyed Asa Candler, who bought a specific formula from a pharmacist named Smith Pemberton. Two years deepr, Asa founded his business and started performance of yielding drinks based on the formula he had bought. From then, the confederacy grew to make out the biggest producers of soft drinks with to a greater extent than five hundred brands sold and consumed in more than devil hundred nations worldwide.Although the telephoner is said to be the biggest bottler of soft drinks, they do not bottle much. Instead, coca plant dope club manu occurrenceures a syrup concentrate, which is bought by bottlers all all over the world. This distribution system ticks the soft drink is bottled by these pettyer firms according to the companys standards and guidelines. Although this franchised method of distribution is the primary method of distribution, the m some other company has a key bott ler in America, coca plant pinhead Refreshments.In appendix to soft drinks, which atomic number 18 coca plant pinheads main(prenominal) products, the company in any case produces diet soft drinks. These be variations of the original soft drinks with improvements in nutritional value, and reductions in sugar content. Saccharin replaced industrial sugar in 1963 so that the drinks could bring up to health-conscious consumers. A major ca utilise for invade was the inter product competition which saw some sales dwindle in some products in favor of others.Coca the skinny started diversifying its products during the First man War when Fanta was introduced. During World War 1, the heads of Coca Cola in Nazi Ger many an(prenominal) decided to establish a new soft drink into the market. During the ongoing war, Americas forward motion in Germany was not acceptable. Therefore, he decided to use a new name and Fanta was born. The creation was successful and production continued eve n after the war. pouf followed soon after.In the 1990s, health concerns among consumers of soft drinks forced their manufactures to consider altering the energy content of these products. Minute Maid Juices, PowerAde sports drinks, and a few flavored teas variants were Coca Colas sign reactions to this new interest. Although well-nigh of these new products were well received, some did not perform as well. An example of much(prenominal) was Coca Cola classic, dubbed C2.Coca Cola Company has been a successful company for more than a century. This can be attributed partly to the nature of its products since soft drinks will always appeal to people. In addition to this, Coca Cola has ane of the best commercial and public relations programs in the world. The companys products can be found on adverts in virtually every corner of the globe. This success has led to its support for a wide range of sporting activities. Soccer, baseball, ice hockey, athletics and basketball are some of th ese sports, where Coca Cola is involved (Bell, 2004).The company is listed in the New York Stock Exchange, the SP 500 index and the Russell 1000 Growth Stock Index. As of 2010, company had an operating income of more than 8 billion US dollars with an asset base worth more than 72 billion US dollars. The current chair and chief executive is Muhtar Kent. This is particularly telltale(a) for a company, which spends millions annually on lobbying and related expenses.Competition between Coca Cola and its rival, PepsiCo has always been an exciting affair. In 2008, PepsiCo acquired the majority share of a star Russian juice company called Lebedyansky, securing a firm foothold in the vast region. A year later, Coca Cola responded by purchasing Russias largest juice maker, Nidan Soki, a move which reduced PepsiCos influence in the region. time some saw Coca Colas action as retaliation, analysts viewed it as a way to manage (Ilya Plakhinas). Russia being a vast country with many people, p resents a potentially lucrative market to anyone who secures the firmest foothold, which is essentially what both(prenominal) companies attempt to do. President of the region, Ahmet Bozer, summarized his companys actions as a commitment to direct more investment in Russia.Bozers comments are reflected by the fact that Coca Colas investment in Russia exceeds 2 billion US dollars, distributed over two decades of commitment to this lucrative market. One billion US dollars was earmarked for the same market as Coca Cola strives to introduce more investment in Russia and the Eurasian market.Before the transaction was finalized, Nidans projected earnings before taxation and amortization was ab prohi snowflakeed 45 million US dollars. For a company as large as Coca Cola to invest in a company this size, the net benefits must surrender been identified as essential. This is the case since the small business represents Coca Colas entry into the Russian market. So faithful was Coca Cola in th e potential of Russia that, they even to choose to pay off Nidans debts.1.2 Problems set about Coca ColaIt being a producer of soft brinks and associated beverages, Coca Cola has always had the issue of environsal pollution and sustainability through recycling as areas of concern. This prompted it to take the unusual initiative of requesting retailers to return the unique recyclable racks provided along with stocks. Earlier on, the company had started a program where retailers were provided with unique cardboard racks for use whole with Coca Cola products. The company identified the need to create such(prenominal)(prenominal) a program in order of battle to establish synergy between Coca Cola and its distributors.The issue of environmental degradation has been one of considerable concern for the Coca Cola Company for a long time. This is due to nature of its main products, which require attractive hitherto disposable packaging. While the company deviated from using glass as its original packaging material in favor of atomic number 13 and plastics, these present the problem of pollution.The concern for preserving our environment has become a significant factor even among potential customers considering buying or not. The Hartman Group in the coupled States researched on this and concluded 70 percent of potential buyers consider sustainability. With this in mind, companies like Coca Cola ask come up with initiatives to ensure they depict this concern for our environment as they go about their business activities (Foust 2006).While Coca Cola works with retailers in United States, consumers have not been left(p) out. The company started a recycling program for their soda can which saw the companies recycle over 700million kilograms of aluminum cans in 2010. In addition to the tremendous savings incurred, the company is recognized for its concern for the environment. This boosts a companys image since concerns about pollution are wide spread among consume rs of these products manufactured by companies like Coca Cola.While companies like Coca Cola are always associated with positive results and things, sometimes they face scandals and libels, which undermine their name and alter their representation in society. Coca Cola has had its fair share of these, and although most have been fought off and settled amicably, it is difficult to pin point the culprit in any of them. It is except worth noting that Coca Cola Company is a large multinational, and will usually do anything possible to survive as has been demonstrated many a times.In 2006 and 2007, Coca Cola faced harsh action in the form of demonstrations in some university campuses due to allegations that it had facilitated the murder of eight employees in Colombia, and the unjust jailing of scores more on nonexistent charges. Trade union legend Ray Rogers started this wave of campus boycotts with a view to calling for justice. His actions led to the banning of Coca Cola products in s ome universities and demonstrations in others. While these actions captivatem to have noble intentions, the company suffered unfavorable publicity, and a tarnished reputation, which though negligible in fiscal terms, have a long-lasting effect on image.1.3 Coca Colas PR StrategyIn terms of public relations, Coca Cola has several opportunities. The first, and perhaps most notable, is globular warming and environmental degradation. Bottled products account for a big portion of the effects of pollution since they are products, which require heavy industrial involvement in production. The upstart moves by this great company to reduce its contribution to global warming have been received with admiration. This is because one cannot help but appreciate the concern for our environment from a company that operates more than two hundred thousand diesel vehicles in America alone.Rapid response to inquiries and public concern are an hazard for Coca Cola to improve its public relations strat egy. Since the company will always face scandalous investigations and accusations, handling these issues in a timely fashion, and prudently will assist in their amicable settlement. Two such cases in which the company handled things in this fashion are that of poison Coke in Belgium, and the Indian bottling plant that polluted water in Plachimada, Kerali.Sustainability presents another avenue in which Coca Cola can improve its public relations strategy. Since most consumers have been found to consider the sustainability of a products manufacturer in their production processes, Coca Cola has taken advantage of this and started numerous programs aimed at increasing recycling. The fact that most of these organizations derive their raw materials from our planet is a cause for concern. With this in mind, Coca Cola should adopt even more measures to reduce their reliance on congenital resources.Coca Cola Companys overall public strategy is based on creating a source of enjoyable yet saf e, distinct and pleasant tasting drinks which appeal to all people regardless of age, gender, locality and affiliation. They have been successful in some respects at achieving this, but more ask to be through with(p) to address the issues of consumer perception of Coca Cola products and their impact on health. This has somewhat remained a gray area in its strife to remain significant to the health conscious who make up most of todays consumer market.Coca Colas strategy in news media relations is geared towards the adoption of more friendly relations so that in times of crisis, these media houses take time to assess the credibility of any information they power come crossways before announcement. Since this is a successful company, many are the times that scandals will be presented to news media organizations for announcement and dissemination. It would be in the companys best interest to create a favorable rapport with media houses. In addition, they are the same people Coca Cola uses in advertisement. The target audiences are all potential consumers and existing ones with the channels used being television, videos, pictures and the Internet.Coca Cola Companys strategy for community relations is directed at creating a lasting relationship with the people who also form the consumer base of the company. The company aspires to ensure these communities feel cared for in all relevant aspects in this relationship, starting from quality of products, their integrity and safety and their overall impact on the nature as describe in its mission to conserve the environment. In doing this, media has been used since there is no specific target in matters concerning our environment.Concerning the companys public relations strategy on disposal relations, Coca Cola strives to work more closely with the existing authorities of all markets and their governments in order to ensure there is beneficial coexistence. The implementation of such entails advertisements tailor made to lubricate relations between Coca Cola and the governments of these specific areas.In crisis precaution, Coca Cola needs to do a dance orchestra more since there are many instances where the company has handled these badly. The manner in which you handle a crisis determines its outcome. In Indias case of contaminated drinks, the company acted in a terribly ignorant manner from the very start. Instead, they should have reassured the government, stakeholders and especially consumers by carrying out an open inquiry and investigating the matter openly. Indias perception of Coca Cola and its products would have been different had the management chosen to use the media to reassure all stakeholders.Coca Colas employee communication strategy is aimed at ensuring the companys most valuable assets are well catered for. This is being done by clearing all communication lines between them and management so they do not feel left out or ignored. To achieve this, company has adopted social medi a and other similar communication avenues. They come in the form of company forums and websites.Coca Cola can benefit immensely from forming another crisis management strategy since the current one is not working. Its effectiveness has not been identified in any of the crisis Coca Cola has found itself facing. Using an example of the incident in India, where contaminated products were discovered, the companys image would have suffered less damage had those responsible for that crisis handled it better. Instead of implementing damage control measures, they polished doubt in the findings and its evidence.Concerning its strategy on government relations, Coca Cola should strengthen, existing ties by avoiding the embarrassment of denial incase of any scandal. The companys relationship with the Belgian government suffered slightly as compared to that with the Indians since, in the former case, no denial was done, as was the case in the later. Instead, Coca Cola rivet with reassuring its stakeholder time carrying out independent investigations and liaising with local authorities. This led to contempt between those involved and Coca Colas loss of the Indian market.In respect of what happened in Colombia, this company needs to address the issue of employee communication. When an organization has poor communication lines, external influence from extremists and rogue trade unions becomes a real threat. Although the country was undergoing civil wars, had the company invested more in ensuring proper communication, maybe no employee would have died.1.4 PR Strategy vs. AdvertisingIn advertising, Coca Cola uses a range of methods all cheating to ensure potential customers are informed of the existence of this great product. The most widely used of these is television adverts. Since this is one of the most widely available forms of leisure, the company has invested a lot of resources to ensure that any country with a television network runs its advertisement. This is cons istent with its public relations policy of educating as many of the masses as possible about its products.Print media follows television as the second most popular means of accessing information for potential consumers. With this in mind, Coca Cola has dedicated a lot of resources in ensuring its full range of products is advertised in news papers, magazines and books. This is in line with its public relations policies of availing information to as many as possible and obtaining feedback in the form of complaints and complements.The Internet is penetrating society extremely fast. This is why Coca Cola has recently resulted to using adverts inwardly websites so that as people navigate through them, they should across these adverts. Although the Internet is yet to reach many parts of Africa, this does not mean people cannot see these advertisements. Many cell phone service providers have incorporated Internet services into their package. While this works well for the company, it can be used maliciously against the same. Here, anti-Coca Cola propagandists use this resource to spread their myths.Billboards and other forms of signage play a vital role in Coca Colas advertisement campaigns. They are a steer form of advertisement especially within towns, meaning that their message reaches many people since they are usually large and are placed at strategical positions. Their use is consistent with the companys public relations policy of reaching out to as many of its consumers using the most effective means (Kotler, 2006).Point of sale advertisements in the form of stickers and stamps are another means through which the company seeks to advertise itself. Within most stores, supermarkets and shops, Coca Cola products are visible in the distinct red color that has come to be synonymous with the drink. Other Coca Cola products are also represented in their respective colors, such as green standing for Sprite and Orange for Fanta.Promotions are another method the com pany utilizes to advertise itself. The most common of these is in restaurants where Coca Cola drinks are offered free with other food products the eatery serves. McDonalds offer of a free coke for every burger is an excellent example of this. In addition, it should be noted that in choosing which product to partner with, compatibility of the products involved is crucial. This is the reason why such promotions are only carried out with products of a similar nature.1.5 Effectiveness of Coca Colas PR compared to PepsiCo.A comparison between Coca Cola Company and its greatest rival PepsiCo reveals fascinating facts about how both treat marketing. From a web-marketing standpoint, both companies obviously have decent websites but they are different in their content. While competitors copy their rivals, the two choose to do this differently. Coca Cola Companys website directs one straight to other informative links and websites. PepsiCos websites on the other hand, opens with an animation of a glass being filled with the drink.The Coca Cola website does not offer a prospective customer chances to win gifts like the PepsiCo one where one has the chance to win tickets to an American football game or a car. The two websites treat one differently since one assumes a person is looking for information while the other assumes you would be seeking information and the chance to win a gift. These residuums might assist the respective companies boost their images.If one was looking for information about PepsiCo products, their search would be a bit problematic since it is biased to displaying promotional information. This is however not the case in the Coca Cola one where emphasis is given to product information as opposed to promotional services and opportunities. This understandably demonstrates a difference in the opinion between the two soft drink giants concerning information-seeking habits of consumers.While the above are differences in the two companies marketing polici es focused on web marketing, similarities are also present. One is quick to notice how both have chosen bright colors in their websites. Seemingly, both companies know the importance of using catchy color schemes on websites adverts in order to attract attention and effectively advertise ones products. PepsiCo uses blue while Coca Cola chooses to stick with red.Websites can be used as information-gathering tools, and both websites exhibit knowledge of this due to the information they have on their footers relating to the total number of visitors to their websites. This also means that feedback is collected in both websites since there are contact boxes where this is collected. In addition, the companies might use these figures to plan marketing strategies.Customer relations and their management is a vital aspect to consider when advertising or marketing your products. Both PepsiCo and Coca Cola Company exhibit knowledge of this since contact acquired immune deficiency syndrome such as email address, physical address and telephone contacts are provided. The presence of these details means both companies value their consumers and would like to hear from them, or assist in case it is necessary. Forging lasting relations is crucial in boosting corporate image and boosting profitability.According to Kotler, consumers categorize products and internalize them in their minds. This is what both companies have used to their advantage by clarifying them and terming them as superiorities. When a consumer notices a company which puts their categories into consideration, they opt for that. These differences might be a small as size or coloring but they can be the deciding factor for a consumer.Physically, Coca Cola has remained the same for a long time. The company chose to stick with the original style in styling the logo since they believe change might not work for them. PepsiCo on the other hand are a dynamic lot with their product having undergone many changes over the years. This shows a belief in the changes that society itself undergoes and the dynamic nature associated with such goods.Another distinct difference between the two is the choice of icon in marketing. Coca Cola Company uses a bottle, which has been the icon of the company for a long time. This dates back from the late 1800s, when the first symbols were forwarded for use as the company icon. PepsiCo has no distinct icon that can be termed as its marketing symbol.Coca Cola Company bought capital of South Carolina pictures, a motion picture company, to bolster its advertising campaigns making them more personalized and cheaper to produce. This advertising strategy worked quite well until Columbia pictures stated subject losses prompting its parent company to sell it off. PepsiCo never bought a film Company to better its marketing efforts but still went on to become a stiff competitor to Coca Cola.In their advertising activities and public relations, PepsiCo have found themselves in p ositions where under hand activities were the only solution. They used such in the form of ridiculing advertisements and tasting competitions. Coca Cola on the other hand have always relied on the full name their brand enjoys and popularity of their soft drinks, never on shadow tactics. This ensures their continued success in this industry.In running their Coke side of life advertisement campaign, Coca Cola came across as an original as was reported in a survey that followed its launch. PepsiCo failed in their use of an attractive woman, which came across as being a bit common. Had they chosen another plot in their Max your life campaign, maybe revenues would have soared over Coca Colas. This strategy of Coca Cola, where they use catchy yet original advertisements, has seen them surpass their rival often.During occasions where significant sports are taking place, both countries usually choose different strategies to market themselves. During the 2006 soccer world cup, for example, P epsiCo chose to use a soccer star in their campaign. On the other hand, Coca Cola, decided to utilize a new bottle design in order to boost consumption of their soft drinks during this important affair.While both companies have a strong presence in sponsoring sports and games, PepsiCo exhibits some sought of bias in their sponsorship deals. Coca Cola on the other hand have thoroughly diversified their deals to incorporate both genders in many parts of the world move in various disciplines. A few notable examples that come to mind with respect to Coca Cola are the 2002 and 2006 FIFA World Cups, the FIFA Womens World Cups in 1993 and 2003 and the FIFA U-17 Championships in 2005.In conclusion, Coca Cola has identified China as the focus of its future expansion and growth plans. With a population exceeding 1 billion, and the fact that it is one of the fastest rising economies in the world, mean that many international companies have intentions of permeating this potentially lucrative m arket. Coca Cola already has terce plants and has earmarked additional 2billion US dollars for investment in China.

The Success Of Ebay

The Success Of EbayeBay.Inc, to run lowher with its subsidiaries, provides online market placeplaces for the sale of goods and go, online payment services, and online communication offerings to a diverse community of individuals and businesses in the United States and internationally.The lodge operates in three portions eBay Marketplace, Payments, and Communications.The eBay Marketplaces segment provides infrastructure to enable online commerce in a variety of formats, including the traditional auction bridge platform and its other online platforms, such as Rent.com, Shopping.com and Marktplaats.nl. Its services include trust and safety architectural plans feedback forum safe harbor program eBay standard purchase protection program customer support tools and services and My eBay, which permits users to receive a report of their eBay activity that includes bidding, sell, account balances, favourite categories, and recent feedback, as well as About Me, which provides users to cr eate their own personal stead page.The Payments segment delivers a product for small businesses, online merchants, and individuals that enables them to send and receive payments online. Its services include join the ne bothrk, verification of its PayPals account holders, withdrawing money, and trust and safety programs.The Communications segment enables voice over Internet protocol calls between Skype users, as well as provides connectivity to traditional fixed-line and mobile telephones. It offers its softw ar in 23 languages.The keep company to a fault offers online apartment rental services and comparison shop resource service, as well as provides an Internet payment platform that allows merchants to authorize, process, and deal out online payments. eBay, Inc. was founded by capital of South Dakota M. Omidyar in 1995 and is headquartered in San Jose, California.What is eBays business strategy? How roaring has it been? What are the problems that eBay is currently facing?The b usiness strategy of eBay is to generate revenue from the fees and commissions associated with its charged to the site to change products. The revenue is generated by the nation who use the eBay site. This view has been supported in the crop of Laudon (2009, pp.308-309). eBay also composes revenue from direct advertising as well as from various service providers, such as PayPal that en bear-sized the ease and speed of eBay transactions ( The wikinvest, 2010).eBay also build on its existing strengths and increase its choice of customized shopping experiences and brand-new monetization models. Properties such as eBay Express, ProStores, eBay Stores, and Shopping.com give eBay entry into the market for new, in-season products (The eBay Inc, Annual Report, 2009).eBays growth strategy focuses on expansion in geography and desktop and on continuing innovation to enhance the variety and appeal of products on its sites. This view has been supported in the work of Laudon (2009, pp.308- 309). eBay is directly begun developing tools and services that press e-commerce anywhere on the wind vane. eBay is also having discussion with MySpace to allow eBay listing on MySpace pages.The eBay companys plan has been very successful by economies of scale of eBay due to its large release of buyers and sellers (Kevin Dickson, 2009). Having a large government issue of active users as they do, they are able to protect themselves from new entrants to the industry. This retains their market share and provides them with a strong foundation for successful business.eBay is very successful, whereby the company has been profitable and had attracted more than 233 million users by 2006 It has operations in 32 countries. In 2005, eBay users listed 1.8 one thousand thousand items in auctions. This caused most $50 billion dollars exchanging hands (Catherine Holahand 2007). One of the most successful parts of the company is that it is fully automated. This significantly reduces costs to eBay, keeping net income high.According to Danny Vogeley, 2005 states that, current problems that eBay facing outright is based on analysts report that sales growth convey dropped from 40 percent annually to 23 percent. New users are no longer joining the site at the akin rate they used to join, and on that point are many of eBays top sellers arent concerned in adding voice calls to their sales models. eBay also has face is a rising number of buyers who consider been defrauded by sellers (Albert, Miriam R, 2002).Customer service is one more problem for eBay and it is mostly due to the size of the eBay company. eBay experiences basically two types of customers, sellers and buyers. Often the need of one customer is non the same as the need of the other (The eBay Inc, 2010). The next problems that eBay is currently facing are resistance by some of its top sellers to its operation of a VoIP service Skype, a aggressive threat to the online auction marketplace in Asia by Yahoo, an d maintaining the honesty and integrity of its auction service in the face of tremendous growth and expansion (Jeffrey S, 2006).How is eBay trying to solve these problems? Are these good solutions? Are there any other solutions that eBay should moot?In order eBay to solve these problems, they are trying to improve its sites user experience to keep its loyal customer base happy. It is reducing the clutter of its web page design, especially the home page, which has been described as one of the most confusing and cluttered in the industry. This view has been supported in the work of Laudon (2009, pp.308-309). eBay is flavor to improve product search result and give buyers more guidance in finding the product they are looking for without having to scour with hundreds or might be thousand of listing. eBay also increasingly focused on providing a traditional retail experience or small seller in order to have great income as a result (Nikole Cruise, 2009).The solutions is eBay try to in clude a great expansion. Growth rates have been hindered by the increase in seller fees, however, these loses have been covered by the expansion into other countries. This view has been supported in the work of Laudon (2009, pp.308-309). Joseph. T. Sinclair (2007, pp.62) states that eBay has added supererogatory measures of protection. For example, eBay go away give extra protection to those buyers that purchase a vehicle on their sites. eBay has also entered into a number of relationships with major competitors such as Yahoo and Google.Other than that, eBay is banking on PayPal to kick the bucket the standard payment technique for online transaction (Evan Schwartz, 2001). This has allowed its eBays customers to buy and sell goods and receive payments easily. This has increased the user base of eBays customers. To remain in touch with its customers, eBay has separateed a program called Voices which brings buyers and sellers together 10 times a year at corporate headquarters (Jos h Catone, 2008). This program allows users to talk to management and discuss what the users like and dislike about eBay and make suggestions.eBay has tried to build a channel of communication between customers (CharlesM.Mayo, 2010) . It enables customers to discuss tips on how to sell and purchase items. It is also creating a component of the website where people can discuss items that people collect and trade. Using these ideas can help to decrease the number of fraudulent transactions. This view has been supported in the work of Laudon (2009, pp.308-309). eBay is now also looking to improve product search result and give buyers more guidance in finding the products they are looking for without having to scour through hundreds of listing.The solutions that eBay has come up with to resolve various problems seem to be effective. eBay believes that the most vital task of the company is to keep customers happy (Annalee Newitz, 2007). eBay is trying to maintain the selling capabilities of the merchants on eBay as well as the confidence of its customers.An extra solution that eBay have to consider includes helping to avoid fraudulent purchases (Tri Bros Broda, 2006). eBay could act as a mediator between the two parties. It could set rules stating that the purchaser must pay the amount of the item to eBay. Once the item has been sent to the purchaser, the payment provide consequently be forwarded to the seller.What people, organization, and technology parts play a role in eBays response to its problems?People factors that play a role in eBays problems include the company employs and manage diverse kinds of people. The company employs around 15,500 employees. Whereby, the employees of the company have different background and each had different job experiences in the past. Such is done by the company because they believe that these people can give them a unbiased in organization (The eBay Inc, 1998). This makes the company flexible to different kinds of situation to this problem.The next People factor that plays a role in eBays problems is the employees at eBay are extremely well taken care of, and this is an area of pride for the company (Kevin Dickson, 2009). With out a large force of human capital eBay would not be able to function. The focus on employee satisfaction and attitudes is important to achieve the success of the company.People factors include recognizing that there are problems in the company and coming up with the solutions to the problems. People in eBay has to figure out how allocate its 8000 full time workers as eBay purchases new technologies and programs that will be used on the website and that will need support (The eBay Inc, 2010). People will have to talk to buyers and sellers to determine if the companys new services are acceptable the demands of the users.Organizational responsibilities factor play a role in the planning process because an organization is responsible for providing stakeholders with profit or value first and foremost. (Sarah Ganly, 2010). The profit to the stakeholder to play a role in the decisions of the planning process because the ultimate goal of most businesses is to provide valueOrganization factors in eBay include having sufficiency employees to carry out the changes to the company. It must be made sure that the organizations business strategy is customized to satisfy new and emerging demands (The eBay Inc, 2009). The organization also needs to have enough finances to fund the purchase of the new programs and services that it may use to respond to the problems (Catherine Holahan, 2007).Within the organization factors eBay has made many advances to aid in their growth. Three operating segments have been designed within the company to handle the commonly used marketplaces, along with the additions of payments and communications (Kevin Dickson, 2009). Marketplaces are made up through the use of eBay auction listings, fixed price listings, as well as the additions of the ir other online platforms, Half.com, Rent.com, Shopping.com and StubHub.In Technology factors include offered new innovations in the technological empyrean and introduced new concepts with regards to eBay site (Ina Steiner, 2010). Seeing as, technology rapidly changes the company makes sure they are updated to what is happening and they can ad serious to these changes. The company makes sure that the products they have are updated with regards to technology and if new technologies emerge they can compete with these products.eBay summarized its ongoing site operations and underscored its success in scaling to process ever-growing global demand and trilled out advanced features and functions while lowering costs (The eBay Inc, 2001). The company also described its next generation software architecture, which is designed to increase productivity and handicraft speed as well as allow for greater flexibility in adding new businessesTechnology factors include the element and programs t hat will be suffer by eBay such as PayPal, Half.com, Shopping.com and Skype. EBay will most likely have to also increase storage space to accommodate the new programs (Kevin Dickson, 2009). EBay will have to develop the technologies and have the programs written that will power eBays new Ad Context program that will compete with Googles Ad Sense program that runs contextual online ads based on keywords that are searched in the website.Will eBay be successful in the long run? Why or why not?Yes, eBay will be successful in the long run. eBay is the worlds largest online auction website (The Buzzle Online, 2010). eBay will stay successful as long as another e-commerce site does not start up that offers better security and seller/buyer service. Their business strategy has already proven to be extremely effective, and they are currently the dominant instrumentalist in the online marketplace business. As the effort that eBay facing may limit its future growth and expansion, they should always be able to keep at to the lowest degree their current levels of business and resulting profit margins (The Channel Advisor, 2010).In the ways to make eBay to successful in long run, eBay will have to design ways of attracting new buyers to the website so that transactions can continue to take place (Jack Goldstein, 2009). eBay has been investing greatly in VOIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol), but at the moment VOIP is not of necessity considered a mainstream service. This view has been supported in the work of Laudon (2009, pp.308-309). eBay needs to find ways of making this service more obtainable not just to its current users but to people in general. eBay can work with computer manufacturers and supply financial investment to have VOIP technology installed into computers.Beside this, eBay has a large market space spanning dozens of countries. This maintains a large base for customers to sell their products easily and effectively. eBay is trying to apply more interactivity with the purchase of Skype, so that customers and sellers can communicate nonpartizan (Catherine Holahan, 2007). eBay provides a high level of price transparency, the simplicity to which customers can find out prices in a market (Philipp Maier, 2005). eBay has recognised that it is more profitable to work with competitors such as Yahoo and Google. The ensuing that eBay now shows has generated a source of revenue.ConclusioneBay has always done very well in focusing its companys goals and has been loyal in grabbing into opportunities.eBays business model demanded that their viewers needed to be many thousands of consumers, and there should be a balance between buyers and sellers. They actively worked balance the number of buyers with the number of sellers. Envisioning success, they designed their Web site to make it easy for many simultaneous buyers to find items to buy, and for sellers to offer items for sale. They provided sellers with a safe, reliable means to collect what they were owed, while also providing the buyer with a similar safe, reliable means to ensure that what they bought was just as the seller had represented it.The eBay company should try to sort out out to other business opportunities. The company can try to have a personal buying and selling business wherein a company has a visible branch that buys and sells different products and services. Customers who have known the company for a long time will be the first customers of the company in this effort. eBay gives a whole new meaning to the word middle man business. It does this by providing extra ordinary tools to sellers which, lets the seller target their products to the buyers. It also provides buyers with wonderful search tools, to get to the products they are looking for. eBay has made a very powerful platform for both sellers and buyers by being seamless and invisible but at the same time facilitating Customer to Customer relationship.

Islamic Ethics An Analysis

Muslim moral philosophy An AnalysisThis term paper was title morality from Islamic Perspective which is including a virtuouse and akhlaq. This paper was conducted because to give aw argonness about the important of morals in Islamic perspective. Suitable with the document aims whereas to give some of information and knowledge from an Islamic perspective about the ethics which is in honourable and akhlaq aspect. The paper is sufficient to give the reader a feel for its potential to encourage further research in the atomic number 18a of resolving honorable issues, specifically for those who are calling for universal honourable theories to vacate moral imperialism. The Islamic perspective of the ethics concept should be refers based on the Holy record book from the God and Ahadith of Prophet Muhammad. The ethics concept it must be mostly and non too bias for otherwises. The findings of this paper, it end be as a discussion, it is because the Islamic Work honourable m otive has economic as closely as moral and akhlaq dimensions.Keyword Islamic perspective, ethics, Islamic Work Ethics, moral and akhlaqINTRODUCTIONThis paper was discuss about the ethics concept from the Islamic perspective, so it should be construct an axiom carcass that faithfully reflects the Islamic view of ethics. The axiom system here is means by a proposition that either not proved or demonstrated but considered undeniable, or emergence to a decision, so, the truth is assumed and became the starting point for concluded to the truth to another.This is an essential introductory step in determining the rules of economic behaviour in an Islamic society. The Islamic view of life processes is uniquenot only for its predominant emphasis on ethical norms, but also because of its being complete. However, to turn it into an operational tool of scientific analysis, an ethical doctrine must be reduced to a set of axioms, which is revere to Islamically valid rules of social and econo mic behaviour.1.1 The Concept of Ethics, Moral and AkhlaqThe concept of ethics, moral and akhlaq it suffer be in non-homogeneous point of view from many resources of our readings. grave expression is an order based on a value system of a particular society. More ethics associated with science or philosophy, because it is the standard of faithful and bad it is tender intellect. When compared with the moral philosophy, the ethics to a greater extent theoretical while the moral is the pr impressical. Moral more local or special reputation and the ethical is more to general.There is many term that use by philosophers in order to give a meaning of akhlaq. But, we can conclude it, akhlaq is much related with the moral and ethics so much so have a opinion that tell akhlak is mean by moral and ethics. Put simply on that, Akhlaq is refers to the nature habits that owned on each some champions. It is accommodates behavior or nature owned by natural as feeling irritable, quick to laugh, irritability and so on. in addition includes in this comment, a somebody belonging habits through training, education, discipline and fitness to be a flesh and blood character and good familiarity to some nonpareil. In addition, akhlaq is more refers to our natural habits.A while ago, in the western tradition, morals studies has long been exists and spread out before the birth of Islam and it known as ethics or moral knowledge. In aspect of etymology, the term of ethics and moral have a same meaning and also refers to the same field of study.In briefly, moral is derived from the Latin word, meanwhile the word ethics is derived from the Greek word. The both of term are related with the practical activities relating to behavior, customs, lifestyles, ways of thinking, freedom and the tendency of a somebody in engaging in an activity. On the other hand, the term of akhlaq was presented by the Muslim that based on the al-Quran and al-Sunah. On Islamic perspective, the ethics and moral was antithetical from the point of conception, objectives and resources, it is called as Akhlaq.1.2 Current related issuesEthics is usually delimit by a pen engrave of ethics. In the Middle East not many organizations and professions have written codes of ethics (Mudawanat Alsuluk) and violation is the norm rather than exception (AMAN, 2006). Behaviors that conform to those written codes of ethics are considered ethical and whatever violates the written standards is considered unethical.From that situation, it can be simply, people are not too reside about all this matter, when they talk about ethics, they usually do not move about the moral and akhlaq. This is because, they are set their mind, the term of ethics just use in the disdain or information technology such as computer accessibility. As a Muslim, they should also think about that moral and akhlaq.In addition, the new code ethics was create, which is the Islamic Work Ethics (IWE). This philosophy was create to orientation that shapes and influences the involvement and participation of believers in the workplace. It implies that work is a virtue in light of a persons needs, and is a necessity for establishing equilibrium in ones individual and social life (Nasr, 1984). IWE views work as a means to further self-interest economically, socially and psychologically, to sustain social prestige, to advance societal eudaemonia and reaffirm faith. The concept has its origin in the Quran and the sayings and practice of the Prophet Mohammed.METHODOLOGYIn completing this term paper, the secondary literatures are used to alter in depth understanding of ethics from the Islamic perspective with the moral and akhlaq concept. The secondary resources which is from readings on a book and the web pages, so the major instrumental role that has been used is literature review. Based on the reading, this topic has many fibres in a Malay writing, but there is no problem on that, afterward read in Malay and u nderstand the content, the term paper writing has been continued.By reviewing the literature, all the information will be paraphrased based on the understanding. The reference to literature review that has been used is article journal about the Islamic ethics that can be obtained from the online journal databases access.Another method applied for close this term paper is data collection from the web page and it is just for back up information if there any lack of data collection. cost that had been used in completing this term paper is understands from the readings and reviewing from the materials obtained and understand it.DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTS OF ETHICS FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE MORAL AND AKHLAQThere are various definitions of ethics, moral and akhlaq. The various definitions are produced from various reading materials, such as book and article journal, so there is many opinions from the philosophers. Ethich from Islamic perspective are more concern to the religion behavior, c ode and ethics.Islam is supposed to be a complete way of life. A Muslim is bound by Islamic rules and hence is obliged to come the instructions as prescribed in the Quran and Hadiths. Islam is a religion based upon the surrender to God (Allah). The very name of the religion, al-Islam in Arabic, means complaisance and peace, for it is in submitting to Gods will that human beings gain peace in their lives in this world and in the hereafter. Islam is considered to be a comprehensive religion and its ethical system is considered to be one of the major ethical systems. Realize about the importance of establishing an ethical system in the all fields, especially at our present condemnation which is witnessing an ever increasing ethical problems, several specialist organizations have prepared codes of ethics to be complied with by members of those organizations.By generally, in Islam, ethics have deuce dimensions first ethics toward Allah, the creator. A Muslim has to believe in Allah an d has to worship Him. The second is ethics toward others a Muslim business person has to deal ethically with others by maintaining good treatment and good alliance. This paper is of vital importance because people do not know sometimes what is ethical unless they study ethics. Ethics hand over an essential foundation for business transactions (Cherrington and Cherrington, 1995, p. 1). They are essential for organizational effectiveness and are necessary for interpersonal relations.3.1 Definition and Concept of EthicsEthics is defined as a branch of philosophy that deals withmoral behavior. Morality refers to whether something is right or wrong, good or bad. Although morality is a complex concept, it can be defined in terms of both means and ends. Means is the process which occurs, while Ends refers to the consequences (Cherrington and Cherrington, 1995, p. 2). Ethics may also be defined as. . . a systematic interrogative sentence into the beliefs we have and the management we mak e about what is morally right or wrong and morally good or evil. It is an inquiry that attempts to answer the following questions What kinds of conduct are morally right or wrong? And what things are good and what things are evil?(Cherrington and Cherrington, 1995, p. 2)Ethics is also defined as the code of moral formulas that sets standards of good or bad, or right or wrong behavior (Schemerhorn, 2008, p. 32). honorable behavior is what is accepted as good and right as opposed to bad or wrong in the context of the governing moral code.Islamic ethics is defined as the code of moral principles that are prescribed by the Quran and Sunnah (Hadith or sayings of Prophet Mohammad). Islamic ethics is based on rational methods as strong as revelation. Revelation provides the truth which rational methods lead to understanding and appreciation of truth. Hence, Islamic ethics is based on tawheed, or unity principle, which determines the unique relationship between God and man man and man and man and his environs (Alhabshi, 1993, p. 83). Within the Islamic culture, the term that is more or lessly associated with ethics is referred to in the Holy Quran as Khouloq (Beekun, 2004, p. 2). Allah in the Quran has described Prophet Mohammad as a Prophet of good ethics.3.2 Definition and Concept of MoralAccording to Peter Baelz (1977), morals and ethics often have the same meaning. However, is very useful if we could distinguish between the both of them, even though we often failed to make such a difference. While the N. Capaldi, E. Kelly and L.E. Navia (1981) stated that. In form of etymology, the English words ethical and moral is exactly same. Because of that, the study of ethics and moral actually just one and it is a same.The moral issues are practical issues, but not all belong to the practical issues in the field of ethics. It is because, moral more specifically demonstrate the good and bad, right wrong and how individual should act in a particular situation. Therefore , moral was refers to disciplines knowledge that investigate the various about the human behavioral. much(prenominal) as the opinion that written by J.L. Mackie (1971)moral and ethics can analyze the once action whether that is right or wrong it is can provide a clear line of distinction about acts and of an internal disposition, whether good or bad or at least, be able to develop a knowledge of ethics guidelines that can be adopted to make various moral of judgments.3.2 Definition and Concept of AkhlaqAccording to Mohd. Nasir Omar, (2010) on his book, Akhlaq is refers to the nature, habits, customs, familiarity, values and lifestyle of the individual or group of individuals. In fact, belief system or religion by a person also often included under the definition of akhlaq by many researchers. It is because of religion greatly influenced the thinking and lifestyle of the individual (Ibn Manzur t.t II 1244-1248 and Jamil Saliba 1971, I 49).While according to Ibn Miskawayh (1966), akh laq is refers to the situation that forms in a human and it is function as a executive power that was directed that individuals by doing all his habits. Many philosopher was agreed with that statement that akhlaq related with the disposition that create in a person (al-nafs/soul) of a human. Spiritual dimension of the situation is very important because it is the cause of all acts done by humans.Therefore, akhlaq is does not refer to the act of good or bad done by a person, but to someone spiritual dimension pressing to do an act, whether good or bad. Akhlaq is situated in the interior of humans soul and in the meanwhile, the act are refers to the exterior is made from morality. Hence, a good moral will of course bring to pass that good deeds and vice versa.PRINCIPLES OF ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHICSAccording to Hanafy and Salam (1995), classified ethical principles of Islam into six categories, which is truthfulness, trust, sincerity, brotherhood, science and knowledge and justice.Prin ciples of Islamic Business EthicsJusticeScience and knowledgeBrotherhoodSincerityTrustTruthfulnessIn order to get a pleasure from the Almighty, as a Muslim, it is should be followed this six principle of Islamic ethics by doing all the business or activities in their daily life.TRUTHFULNESS Truthfulness is a basic ethical value of Islam and the meaning of Islam itself is, in a way, the other name of truth. There is no scope for cheating, telling lies, swearing too much, and providing false advertising in the Islamic framework of business.TRUST Trust is another fundamental ethical principle of Islam and the essence of the trust is the sense of acountability, which is the sense of having to appear before Allah S.W.T and to account statement for ones action. All the activities were conducted well in no case harm or damage the society or the environment.SINCERITY Islam attaches great importance to the sincerity of intentions and actions in every walk of life. For example such as ethica l code results in more efficiency as well as a lofty rate of productivity. Sincerity also discourages manipulation or exploitation of others for personal reasons.BROTHERHOOD Islam declares all human beings are brothers to each other wihout the distinctions of race, colour, tribe, caste and run-in of an individual or group. Everyone is entitled to an ethically right behavior irrespective of distinctions of caste, creed, race, or territory.SCIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE Islam makes it obligatory for Muslims to seek knowledge and obtain duty in performance. Research and development is highly encouraged in Islam. It such concern about science and knowledge in the Islamic code of ethics has been highly fruitful for Islamic civilisation in the past.JUSTICE Justice is undoubtedly a prerequisite of business and trade as it encompasses the entire full series of human life. The whole universe is based on the concept of justice and balance.justice here means that every one should be treated as he o r she deserves, without any undue pressure or discrimination.CHALLENGES IN ENCOURAGING ISLAMIC ETHICAL BEHAVIORS AMONG information / INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PERSONNELMuslims unethical behavior is influenced by several factors, such as stage of formal development, personal values and personality, family influence, peer influenceand so on.The challenges in Encouraging Islamic Ethical Behaviors Among Information / Information Technology PersonnelCHALLENGESEXPLANATIONStage of moral developmentThe lunatic, the sleeper and the child before puberty not responsible for their behavior. individual(prenominal) value and personalityOne who stresses honesty will behave differently from those who do not respect others rights. The locus of control also affects individual ethical behavior (Robbins and Coulter, 2005, p. 112).Family influenceThe home is the place to start being a good Muslim. Children are likely to be ethical if they see their parents and other members of the family consistently adher e to high standards. In Islam, it is easier for a parent to teach his kids what is right (halal ) and what is wrong (haram) than to teach them rules and principles of good conduct and behavior.Peer influenceChildren are influenced by actions of their peers with whom they interact. Islam urges people to be very selective of peers as they have very big influence on companions. This coincides with the Arabic proverb Birds of a feather hatful together or A person is known by the company he keeps.Life influenceKey events like taking part in Alhajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) for example has a positive impact on Individual behavior. As the Quran states Whoever goes to Hajj comes back from his journey innocent and pure and white as of the day of birth.Situational challengesIt is the situation that sometimes makes one behave unethically, as the only way out. For example, a secretary may lie when answering a earphone as the only way to turn away a client. She may simply lie by saying that the ma nager is not in the subroutine while he is in fact in. On many occasions, the researcher has observed many Muslim secretaries quit their jobs simply to avoid being compel to tell such lies. However, lying is acceptable in Islam under three conditions first, in wars second, to solve conflicts between people third, husband lying to his wife or vice versa for the sake of getting closer to each other and saving the marriage, e.g. saying I love you while it is the opposite (Hadith), or you are the most beautiful woman in the world. All this is meant to strengthen the ties between couples.Societal challengesPeople try to conceal unethical behavior and always justify their actions as being ethical in order to please members of society. In Muslim cultures, society places a heavy pressure on individuals to practice wasta, so a manager may have to deviate from the rules and regulations of the business in order to please a cousin, a friend or a neighbor. On one hand, wasta is considered as e thical and legal, e.g. in solving conflicts, while on the other hand, it can be viewed as illegal and unacceptable when it is used to override open up laws and traditions, e.g. in obtaining favors like jobs.In Muslim cultures, a business person is more concerned about what others might think of his decision than what he thinks himself.mesa 1 The challenges in Encouraging Islamic Ethical Behaviors Among Information / Information Technology Personnel(Source Abuznaid, 1990)GUIDELINES TO ADDRESS THE CHALLENGES IN ENCOURAGING ISLAMIC ETHICAL BEHAVIORS AMONG INFORMATION / INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PERSONNELIn Islam, Allah emphasizes the following ethical guidelines as being outlined in the Holy Quran. These guidelines govern the Islamic code of ethics relating to a persons daily life and business dealings. Muslims are required at all times to behave islamically because Allah himself is watching their practices. In response to these challenges, several guidelines are proposed as followsBe pa tient. Islamic business people should not get angry and should not be irritated (Holy Quran, XXV63) and (Holy Quran, III134).Be clean-living and just. A Muslim business person has to be fair(a) and just in all his dealings. He has to be fair with his employees he has to give fair wages and has to be fair and kind with animals when slaughtering them (Holy Quran, II278-279).Be humble. Being humble is the opposite of being arrogant. Being humble is a great trait of Muslims. Business people should be humble and down to earth (Holy Quran, XXVI215).Be complacent. Being complacent is another characteristic of a Muslim. Muslim business people should be satisfied with what Allah has allocated them. To Muslims complacency is not the enemy of progress as the West views it.Be generous. Being generous is the opposite of being stingy. Alkareem is in fact one of Allahs magnificent names meaning being generous. Alkaram (generosity) is another characteristic of the Muslim business people. They sh ould be generous in giving currency and goods to the needy. Islam urges people to give legal alms or obligatory charity (Az-Zakat). Az-Zakat is an ordinance prescribed by Islamic law. Social responsibility is another important principle in management practices. Sadaqat (donations), not obligatory, are very much urged in the Holy Quran (Holy Quran, LVI77) and (Holy Quran, XLIV17,26).Be dignified. A business person in Islam should not indulge in investments that are not Halal. Halal is the opposite of Haram. Halal is ethical while haram is unethical. Examples of haram earnings for a Muslim include trading in alcohol,Be trustful (Al Amaneh). Being trustful means giving rights to others. For example, if you borrow some money from someone, you are supposed to return it at the agreed time at no interest. A good loan with no interest is an example of Islamic financial dealings (Alkird Al hasan) (Holy Quran, XL32) and (Holy Quran, IV58).Be friendly. Muslims should be friendly and united at all times. No discrimination exists among Muslims, regardless of nationality, gender or color. The only difference between Muslims should be on the basis of piety (Holy Quran, XLIX 10, 13).Be equitable. Equity is the opposite of injustice. A Muslim manager should be equitable. In Islam people should be treated jolly and with equity.Do not be involved in fraud. A Muslim business person should treat others the same way he himself would like to be treated (Holy Quran, XVI 90, IV 58).Do not bribe. The practice of all kinds of bribes is forbidden in Islam (Holy Quran, II 188). However, there should be differentiation between sadakat (donations), gifts, and bribes. Gifts are encouraged in Islam because they help gain friendship. The prophet encourages the use of gifts saying Give more gifts so you be better liked (Hadith). Bribes on the other hand are unethical. Bribes are used to influence decisions. There are two kinds of bribes the lubrication bribe and the white mail bribe. The white mail bribe generally involves an elaborate system for concealing the use of large sums of corporate cash. This type of bribe is used to buy influence in high places (Abuznaid, 1990, p. 319).From these key guidelines principles of ethics, we can conclude that Islam is a religion of high-moral standards. Muslim business people are urged in Al Quran and Al Sunnah to follow certain principles and guidelines.(Source Abuznaid, 2009) end pointAs stated above, the main purpose of this term paper is to discuss the meaning of ethics from an Islamic perspective. The research has defined Islamic management ethics as those guidelines and principles that are prescribed by the Holy Quran and sunnah (hadith). The paper has give explanation on the major determinants of individual ethical behavior in Islam and pinpointed based on the moral and akhlaq. Besides that, the paper has outlined some of the ethical principles which is the principles of Islamic business ethics. This paper has also discussed the challenges in support Islamic ethical behaviors among information / information technology personnel. It further helps non-Muslim people occasion more aware of management ethics in an Islamic environment by giving them a better understanding of the subject, thus making it easier for them to carry out all the activities in an Islamic culture. However, it must be stated that there is not one united form of applied Islamic teachings among different Muslim countries. It is widely known that Middle Eastern countries have become more active in the global market place by applied their ethics. Moreover, this paper has outlined major commonalities between Islam and other religions on the subject of ethics from the Islamic perspective. Although this paper has presented the concept of ethics from Islamic perspective, hope all the Muslim are together applied all the ethics that are based on the al-Quran and al-Sunah to be an excellent humans. Therefore, it is the duty of all researchers i nterested in this issue to develop this knowledge. May Allah gives guidance in this new endeavour.REFERENCES8.1 nurseDr Muhammad Sharif Chaundry. (2006). Social and Moral Code of Islam. Batu Caves, Selangor Masterpiece Publication Sdn. Bhd.Khaliq Ahmad. (2007). Management from Islamic Perspective Principles and Practices. Kuala Lumpur International Islamic University Malaysia Press.Mohd Nasir Omar. (2010). Falsafah Akhlak. Bangi, Selangor Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Syed Nawab Haider Naqvi. (1990). Etika dan Ekonomi Satu Sintesis Islam. Kuala Lumpur Berita Publishing Sdn. Bhd.8.2 Article JournalMuhammad Arham. (2010). Islamic Perspective on Marketing. The Journal of Islamic Marketing, Vol. 1 Iss 2 pp, 149-164.Salam Abdallah. (2010). Islamic Ethics An Exposotion for Resolving ICT Ethical Dilemmas. The Journal of Information, Communication Ethics in Society, Vol. 8 Iss 3 pp, 289-301.Samir Ahmad Abuznaid. (2009). Business Ethics in Islam The Glaring Gap in Practice. The Internatio nal Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, Vol. 2 Iss 4 pp, 278-288.

Queen Elizabeth 1 Essay -- essays research papers

Elizabeth I (also known as Elizabeth the Great, or the "Virgin Queen") was born in 1533 into a dangerous world of political intrigue. When she was only two years old, her father, King Henry VIII killed her mother, Ann Boleyn, because she had not yet produced a male heir. Henrys fashion killing of her successive stepmothers every few years traumatized Elizabeth, who loved her father. Although Henry finally did father a son, Edward VI, the boy did not live long, dying at the age of sixteen after a six-year reign, and thus Elizabeths older sister Mary I came to the throne in 1553. Meanwhile, the young Elizabeth showed exceptional intelligence, excelling at her studies strong beyond any of the other royal children.A Catholic, Mary married the Hapsburg prince of Spain, the soon-to-be Philip II. Mary would come to be known as "Bloody Mary" for her uncouth treatment of English Protestants in her attempt to restore Catholicism to England. When Sir Thomas Wyat the Youngers Rebellion threatened Marys rule, she believed Elizabeth to have been involved in the plot and imprisoned her in the Tower of London. By a combination of luck and skillful persuasion on the part of her political allies, Elizabeth survived this ordeal and became queen when Mary died in 1558.Elizabeth cursorily consolidated power and returned the country to Protestantism, passing the Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity, although by Reformation standards Catholics fared well under these acts. Wi...

Is Financial Compensation Beneficial Or Detrimental In An Empowerment E

IntroductionWhat is an Empowerment ? Basically empowerment means giving the employee the force to do their work, i.e. through the right training, the right environment, the right information, the right tools and the authority that they need.It is thought that by giving the employee increased power and responsibility that the employee will control increased motivation. Organisations have developed a number of new broadcasts in which it is hoped that employees will have empowerment and so increased motivation.What is an Empowerment Program ? in that location are six different forms of empowerment programs.i.Pay for Performance. This gives employees rewards in relation to their performance on the personal credit line.ii.Gain Sharing. Employees are rewarded when performance targets are met.iii.Employee Stock self-command Plan (ESOP). Employees are given shares in the company and so co-own the company which allow them to share in the improved profit performance.iv.Lump-Sum Bonuses. R ewards are given to employees in a lump sum based on performance.v.Pay for Knowledge. When employees learn new skills they are rewarded. This leads employees to learn new skills and so become more flexable in spite of appearance a company.vi.Flexible Work Schedules. Workers can set their own working times.MotivationMotivation is a force which pushes a person to take a particular course of action, i.e. being motivated to go to school, to get something out of it, be it, to learn new things or just to get a estimable job out of it at the end which will bring high earnings.A basic model of motivation is shown belowNEEDBEHAVIOR takingsThis shows motivation in action, from the previous example we can show that the need is the desire to learn or to get a good job, the behavior is to go to college or university and then the reward is gaining knowledge or a good job.There are two different types of reward intrinsic rewards and extrinsic rewards. subjective are rewards gained in performin g an action, i.e. f... ...with his two factors that workers have a set of motivators that it is best to concentrate on as this will lead to more job satisfaction and so improved motivation, of these motivators none of these were financial rewards. Improving financial rewards will lead to less job dissatisfaction and not job satisfaction or improved motivation for the work.Taylor argues that workers are like donkeys and that notes is the main motivation, this is because in the capitalistic world today money does make a lot of divergence and as in Maslows hierarchy of needs to satisfy the lower levels of the needs, money does make the difference and employees will be influenced by the amount of money that they can have, it will leave them feeling secure.Overall I feel that financial rewards can be very beneficial in an empowerment program and lead to job satisfaction which will lead to increased motivation from workers.Bibliography heed, Fourth Edition. Richard L. Daft.Business Inf ormation Technology, Systems, Theories and Practise. Geoffrey Elliot and Susan Starkings.The Practise of Management. Peter F. Drucker.Information Systems A Management Prospective, Second Edition. Stephen Alter.